Muscle-invasive and metastatic bladder cancer have an extremely poor 5-year survival rate of 5%. In comparison. all other bladder cancers (BCs) have a 5-year survival rate of 77%. This striking contrast indicates that one of the therapeutic kernels for bladder cancer is to elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying its invasiveness and metastasis. https://themightyhobbyers.shop/product-category/book/